狗心1988

狗心1988

HD中字

4.0 |04月17日 |已完结
简介:
米哈伊尔·阿法纳西耶维奇·布尔加科夫1891年生于基辅,1940年逝世于莫斯科。世界文坛称他是一位思想深邃、以大无畏精神向一切邪恶挑战的文学大师。其代表作《狗心》、《白卫军》、《大师和玛格丽特》等曾被苏联当局查禁没收,或“默杀”。作家死后恢复名誉、苏联文坛两度掀起“布尔加科夫热”。现在他的作品进入现代经典之列,被誉为20世纪最伟大的文学珍品之一。  《狗心》作于一九二五年初,在文学圈子里获得一致好评,人们发现它确实尖锐地抨击了现实,但它抨击的是现实中的粗野、愚昧和荒廖。小说写一条狗因为做了人的脑垂体移植手术,突然成了有人外表的流氓,致使流氓习气随着脑垂体分泌的激素,渗入了取名沙里科夫的实验室怪物的每个细胞。沙里科夫的可怕不公在于他身上那些流氓无产者的劣性,并且在于他对社会主义的庸俗化.表面上看来,《狗心》很像一个科幻故事,但是实际上却有着反乌托邦小说的关于哲理和社会的深邃思考。  国际知名的医生菲利普·普列奥布拉任斯基教授,为了进行改善人种的优生学试验,把一个刚刚死去的行窃的酒鬼的脑垂体和睾丸移到一只叫沙里克的狗身上。沙里克竟变成了“还处于最低发展阶段的”人——沙里科夫。  这个能讲人言、衣食如人的衣冠禽兽,一天天显示出是一个怀着“一颗最为卑鄙龌龊的心”的败类:酗酒、偷窃、说谎、告密、无耻下流,直至栽脏陷害、用手枪威胁要强占教授的住宅。更有意味的是,这个狗“出身”的沙里科夫竟然被政府赏识而任命为莫斯科公共卫生局清除流窜动物科科长。他穿上了皮夹克(这是当时文学作品里革命者的形象模式),出入有专车——尽管是卡车。幸而两位“造物主”普列奥布拉任斯基教授和博尔缅塔尔大夫及时用手术把沙里科夫还原为沙里克,才没酿成惨祸。  在这篇小说里,布尔加科夫力究天人之际,思考着人与自然、人与社会的关系、人的能力限度以及人对于整个自然界的责任。实际上,布尔加科夫继续阐释着一个重大的主题:人不应该僭越,不应该觊觎全能的上帝的位置。这个上帝便是自然、社会的客观法则。试图超越社会、自然的进程,把科学变为破坏客观规律的迷信,狂热蛮干地“创造历史”,是不能不受到惩罚的。正如小说《不祥之蛋》中,佩尔西科夫教授虽然掌握了科学,却缺乏对人类社会的责任感,最后死于疯狂的群众的乱拳之下;而给人类社会带来可怖的厄运的洛克,急功近利而智力低下到根本谈不上什么责任感问题,却“带着官家的公文”,则是更为可怕的。  而在《狗心》中,国际首屈一指的名医菲利普·普列奥布拉任斯基教授空前绝后的完美手术只能创造出险些置其于死地的社会败类。普列奥布拉任斯基教授经受了自作自受的“科学实验”之后,终于觉悟道:“看吧,如果一个研究者不是摸着大自然的脉搏,与之共进,而是想加速问题的解决,揭开那神秘的帷幕,那么,就给你个沙里科夫尝尝,还让你吃不了兜着走。”  看来,人要充当上帝——造物主的角色,结果只能是对上帝的讽刺性模拟。干扰世界的客观进程最终只能落得搬起石头砸自己的脚的下场。
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主演:Ib Koch-Olsen
简介:The history of Danish country church architecture is told by showing scenes of how the church was used by the congregation, beginning with the celebration of mass in a small and simple wooden church 800 years ago, and ending with the congregation singing in a village church of to-day. The development and the growth of the pattern of church architecture is shown.  Dreyer in this film shows a series of churches from different periods with churchgoers in period clothing. Each period is separated by a shot of a church bell double-exposed on the sky. Although the film has a vibrant and instructive way of communicating the different epochs and styles to students, it does not exhibit the artistic quality that usually distinguishes a Dreyer film, except perhaps in some of the costumes, which were originally made for Day of Wrath.  The board of Dansk Kulturfilm in autumn 1945 decided that their planned church film would exclusively be about village churches. Dreyer would rework the script that was written by editor and folk high-school principal Bernhard Jensen, aided by a committee of experts consisting of architect H. Lønborg-Jensen and Victor Hermansen, curator at the National Museum of Denmark. Dreyer had a first draft ready in mid-March, entitled Kirken er et gammelt Hus (The Church Is an Old House), which was distributed to the members of the committee for their comments.  In the last half of July, Dreyer and Victor Hermansen travelled the country to look at suitable churches. They researched the details and at Dreyer’s request a number of technical changes were made to the churches, including the removal of porcelain holders for electrical wiring in Tveje Merløse Church.  On 4 July, Dreyer went in advance to Ringkøbing. Shooting was set to start a few days later with the arrival of the director of photography, Preben Frank, who had fallen off a ladder and broken his leg, Fortunately, he was ready to cautiously start working again within a few days, with his leg in a cast.  Otherwise, the production went without a glitch. Everywhere, Dreyer said, they were well received at the vicarages and they had no problem getting enough extras. On 1 august, they returned to Copenhagen with almost all their footage in the can. They only needed to film the church in Skelby, where the weather had been against them, plus a Swedish wooden church in Hedared. The economy was distressed so soon after the war, especially when it came to foreign currency, but there were no real wooden churches left in Denmark and building an interior set in the studio would be too expensive.  The finished film was shown for the first time on 24 September 1947 to a small, closed circle, which included the Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs. In December 1947, as was Dansk Kulturfilm’s standard practice, the film was presented to the press, politicians and others on a programme with four other short films.
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